Patch 1.0.10 live now

Hello Rulers! Today we release patch 1.0.10 to live Branch, various iterations of this patch have been in our beta branch since December 4th. Patch 1.0.10 is the last "Major" patch before the Holiday Period. That being said, if we need to make any critical fixes to 1.0.10, we still have room for a potential hotfix.

Tinto Talk

But of course, it's also a Happy Wednesday! Which means another Tinto Talk. This time hosted by friendly neighborhood Community Manager Ryagi. 

Firstly I'd like to acknowledge once again that both our patches and the patch notes themselves have thus far been very chaotic.  It's something all of Tinto is aware of, and looking to improve actively over time. We hope by the end of 2026 we'll all be giggling at our pre 1.1 patch notes. It's not something any one of us can fix alone at Tinto, but a team effort in making sure all our notes are consistent with each other, and make sense to you, the player. 
While the notes below are not perfect, I think they're a small step in the correct direction and we'll continue to improve on them for future patches. Feedback on our notes, and generally our methods of communication is always helpful, lucky for me that is my domain, so I'm very happy to comment on it or answer any questions you might have. 

So what's next? And how long is this Holiday Period? 

Though the Holiday Period varies from person to person, generally it begins at the end of this week, and goes into mid January. It's a time for when many of those at Paradox (Not just Tinto!) can get some well deserved rest and enjoy the holidays. In my case as a Community Manager, it means I will have to resist the urge commenting on reddit when I see something EU5 related pop up... alas.

Once we have all returned in mid January, we'll be focusing on our next major update, 1.1 Rossbach, which we'll share more details on when we return! Though @Johan has already dropped bits and pieces of plans for 1.1 ;) which include HRE changes, some heavily requested QOL, and more. 

A rather short Tinto Talk this time around, but we have patch notes to cover!
We wish you all a very happy holidays and can't wait to see you next year <3
- Ryagi

Checksum: 1cb4

Date: December 17th, 2025 Previous Patch: 1.0.9 (hotfix), 1.0.8 (primary)

Links to the notes related to patch 1.0.10 beta process:

• Initial Patch Notes Open Beta 1.0.10
• 1.0.10 - Update (10th of December 2025)
• Open Beta update #4 
• Open Beta update #5/6

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1.0.10 Patch Notes

===================

• Added several new advances for [list]
• Kurdistan
• Manchu
• Sokoto
• Italy

Added a new government reform for Sweden's Alsnö stadga

The war of religions situation now has an action for non-members of the HRE to join the ongoing war of religions

Rich countries should now field significantly larger armies in the mid and late game

------------

• Added 6 new advances for the Kurdistan formable country

• Added 6 new advances for the Manchu formable country

• Added a new government reform for Sweden's Alsnö stadga'

• Added 6 new advances for the Sokoto formable country

• Added 7 new advances for the Italy formable country

• Added the "Attempt Defection" action for subjects of England or France during the Hundred Years' War situation

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  Government:

• The "ruler must be commander during war" now allows female rulers to be generals. Gender is no excuse to avoid dying for your nation, royal peasant!

• Cognatic primogeniture goes through dead children in the right order

• The Magna Carta now also gives some levy combat efficiency.

• Enforcing culture on a subject will cancel their attempts to assimilate into other cultures

• Fiefdoms and dominions can no longer pump up stats of their ruler through the parliament.

• Reduced the op byzantine conscription from insanity to "decent"

• Gaelic Clergy & Burghers are also part of the clans, just like the nobles now.

  Economy:

• Further revisions of the population demands to balance estate economies.

• Increased the strength of navies' anti-piracy by a large amount.

• Both exporting and importing now spread institutions

• Nobles' recruitment center now gives 25 nobles, down from 250.

• Pop demands for weaponry for peasants are now checking the privilege again.

• Paved and later roads are now giving a bit better paths for market access, changed from 15% -25% to 20%-40%. The downstream river is still 50%.

• Market villages now add 10 burghers per level

• Market access uses the best of upstream river, downstream river, or road connection now, instead of a weird combination.

• Proximity bonuses from rivers now work through lakes

• Colonial charters will not benefit the original location if colonial maintenance is 0.

• A lot of trade-related buildings, like marketplaces and market villages, now improve local market access.

• Rebalanced a few stacking development benefits.

• Prosperity gains have been adjusted for better balance.

• Rough vegetation slows down road building much further.

• Fixed so lakes have maxed maritime presence always.

• Roads now make proximity costs ignore vegetation!

• Improved market range pathfinding to include different coastlines, for example, Alexandria can make trades with India

• Increased payment from colonial nations in the age of absolutism and the age of revolutions

• Bank Ledgers gets 25% of the inflation reduction it previously had, but the trade maintenance reduction is instead 4x as big.

• The province's Starvation status will now update

• Fixed war reparations income

• Adjusted some inflation reduction modifiers for better game balance

• Upstream proximity costs are now as good as downstream proximity costs.

• Fixed a bug where automated trade would not be maximizing its available Trade Capacity.

  Production:

• Can no longer build worse forts in locations with better ones

  Society:

• You now need to have researched the 'patron of the arts' to advance to commission art.

• Fiefdoms, dominions, and state banks can no longer change religion on their own.

• Religion and culture country lists get updated properly when releasing historical subjects

• Tweaked a lot of bonuses to population growth that could stack rather high.

• Limited the marriage rules to the ruling dynasty closely related to the ruler.

• Cultures that have 0 pops will no longer cost any cultural upkeep.

• Reworked a bit how non-ruling dynasties marry and when, and added support for dynasties to be tagged as more important for this.

• Randomly Generated Characters will now only be from primary, accepted, or tolerated cultures.

• Cossack Identity privilege now completely blocks tribal promotion.

• The maximum number of married males in a country, when considering Dynasty Marrying logic, now ignores close relatives to the current ruler.

• Non-Accepted cultures ' characters will no longer join the court of their annexer.

  Diplomacy:

• Fixed the they do not desire anything more peace acceptance factor is not triggering when the peace offer was set to demanding.

• Fixed the current sieges peace acceptance impact being calculated differently when the peace offer was set to demanding and offering.

• Fixed the start annexation diplomatic action being visible on subjects that were already being annexed.

• Asking for money via favor is now capped at 4 times of requester's tax base

• Diplomats work properly once above the limit, allowing a monthly reduction but no further monthly increase

• Acceptance of marriage offers will now include the age of the consort before selecting the recipient country, fixing the issue of inconsistent acceptance of marriage offers in different target selection windows.

• Fixed various bugs with denied military access CB

• Isolating from allies now requires you to be allied

• Seizing territory from your subjects makes the locations conquered, and the amount of liberty desire scales with population, buildings, and development.

• Calling Ally uses the correct border distance calculation for AI acceptance

• Fixed a bug where the 'Intervene in War' action would fail and incorrectly consume a diplomat

• Can now cede locations through corridors

• No longer give out claim throne CBS for heirs under a regency

• Failure to give adequate land to an ally in a peace treaty will give a trust hit rather than a trust bonus

• Violating sovereignty is not instantly cancelled if you're already allowing them military access

• When subjects break free of their overlord, they (and their subjects) will also leave any wars they were called into by their overlord

• Fixed the case where junior partners don't get called into war properly

• Independence movements trump subject relations when declaring war, and subjects trump unions

• Increased the impact of opinion on subject loyalty by 50%.

• Allow choosing a leader for created subjects

• Fix incorrect Spynetwork calculation and tooltips

• Vassal can no longer invite Overlord to the independence movement against them after reloading the save file

• There is no longer any penalty for being a higher rank and taking land from lower-ranked countries.

• The estimated annexation date of union partners and subjects will no longer display the end date of the game if the opinion of the target country is too low to annex them. Many of the union annexations are actually much faster than the tooltip was implying...

• The Annexation action is now in the "Union Action" category if the actor and recipient are in a union. In every other instance, it continues to be a subject action

• Changed the rules for rivals so that it's their opinion of you that matters, ie, the one you can affect. So, if you improve your opinion of someone by over 100 points on a rival, they will stop being your rival, etc.

  Military:

• Rebalanced how good levies are with a decent progression through the ages.

• Battles will now begin with a maximum frontage of 125% in each section. Any units exceeding this limit will be moved to reserves.

• Reduced frontage bonus from defensive societal values

• Fixed a bug where morale was not scaled by strength.

• Drilling now sets a forced 100% maintenance for that unit

• Transport costs now scale with how many men you have in the unit.

• Armies now take damage to morale from attrition, instead of gaining morale from it :)

• Garrison recovery ticks are on daily ticks, not on monthly, but slower.

• The threshold of recruiting a new group of levies is now 20% instead of 50% recovered.

• Increased Frontage for Heavy Ships from 1.25 to 1.5

• Increased Flanking Ability for Light Ships from 1.1 to 1.2

• Reduced Frontage from 0.75 to 0.5 for Galleys, while also increasing initiative from 1 to 2.

• Merc leaders are no longer part of the court

• Added a levy_recovery_modifier that is gained from many ways to get levies to recover faster.

• Expected Army Size has been tweaked to scale better over time.

• Military leaders don't get downtime if they're not actually moving location when assigned to new units or merged in the same location

• You now restore levies even if you explicitly try to delete the unit.

• Cavalry now takes 25% less damage, not 75% less damage.

• Increased impact from high peasant satisfaction on levy recovery from 20% to 50%.

• Increased levy recovery from revancism by 4x and increased from 10% to 33% in defensive wars.

• Levies now revover 20% faster when at peace.

• Naval combat now stackwipes as it did in 1.04

  Geopolitics:

• War score calculated correctly for vassals

• Fixed a bug that would make maritime presence drop to 0 when annexing a country

• Colonial charters keep to their source location, with more restrictions on where you can specify as source (min 1k peasants in location)

• Colonial charters no longer need a source province (too restrictive) and instead just take pops from the capital region

• Fixed some disease outbreaks that were never-ending

  Advances:

• Invalid advances have now been removed from the research queue and won't be researched

  Other:

• Claim throne CB can now include the claimant, so you get to install specific people on the throne (i.e., people who do actually have a claim)

• Disease stats get transferred from the old country to the new when losing a revolt

• Added individual disease resistance modifiers, pumped up the initial malaria death rate

• Hiring Advisor now costs government power, generals' army tradition, admiral navy tradition, and artists costs prestige.

-------

  Map:

• Tweaked the dynamic localization in the Hungarian language of the location 'debrc' to 'debrecen mačvában' ('debrecen in mačvá'), so it doesn't get confused with the other 'debrecen' location.

• Removed all the lakes placed beside the sea, as it was breaking some calculations.

• Made the British and Irish natural harbor capacity more accurate

  Setup:

• Forming Belgium also considers locations in the Brabant area

• Added the dyes guild to the Chinese town and city setup to improve lacquerware industry functionality.

• Removed the French guarantee of Scotland at the start, preventing them from being called into the Scottish civil war. England now starts with a mutual truce with Scotland and Balliol.

• Fixed the tooltip of the religious aspect to worship the mexica god Ixchel

• Added a truce on start between Portugal and Castile, 6 months before the real date, due to gameplay reasons.

• England now starts with the "primacy of the nobility," "shipwright contracts," and "common militias," estate privileges to give England a better chance during the Hundred Years' War

• London now starts with a dock

• Inês de Castro now correctly appears as a member of the 'Castro' dynasty.

• Adjusted the starting building setup of Athens and Thessaloníki, so they use the one for Greek cities instead of the current one for Greek towns.

• Reverted the raw material of Lohja to fur, so now the Swedish event "the iron mines of Ojamo" (flavor_swe.44) makes sense once again.

• Knights Hospitaller began as a duchy rank

• Added Old St Paul's Cathedral as a building in setup.

• Fixed the birth date of Gongmin of Goryeo

• Fixed starting heir selection for Florence

• Corrected the Hungarian name of 'Debrc' from 'Debrecen Mačvában' to 'Végdebrecen', as per forum feedback.

• Added a "Good relations" starting modifier between Castile and Portugal, so they are less likely to go after each other at the start of the game, and also made it easier to trigger the 'Battle of Río Salado' event chain.

  Situations:

• Embracing the reformation action in the reformation situation will no longer remove the current heir policy

• Cardinal seats are no longer destroyable during the Western Schism situation

• Removing locations from a league during the Italian Wars will no longer tank the league leader's opinion of you

• The Golden Age of Piracy action "Create a Subject Pirate Nation," now has requirements that make it easier to be used, and also reworked its AI reasoning

• The rise of the Turks' situation will no longer end if the primary contender, due to a civil war, temporarily drops below the 100 location threshold after the year 1400

• Removed an obsolete situation trigger for the rise of the Turks situation

• Improved display of the declaration of war for the regional supremacy action of the Red Turban rebellions

• Reworked the AI behind the action "request war entry" in the Hundred Years' War

• The event "France wins the Hundred Years' War" now takes into account France having a regent in the event's description

• The war between the leading countries now has less of an impact on choosing a religious league to join

• Fixed some issues with the legend keys in the Rise of the Turks situation map modes

• The war of religions situation now has an action for non-members of the HRE to join the ongoing war of religions

• The rise of the Turks' action "press claims" now informs the player that they can't have levies raised to use this action

• The event "pious call to arms" of the Hussite Wars will no longer occur for the subject countries

• Added localization to some unlocalized reasons to join a league during the Italian Wars

• Multiplying the willingness of the AI to use the Columbian Exchange actions

• English AI will now be more strategic and capable when it comes to "buying out" French subjects via the "influence French subject" action during the Hundred Years War

• Fixed an issue with displaying the wrong beylik in the opening event of the Rise of the Turks

• The HRE emperor will no longer be able to "enforce religious unity" on the Hussite countries during the Hussite Wars situation

• Fixed an issue with the post-1400 situation trigger of the rise of the Ottomans

• The Defection action during the Hundred Years' War is only available for subjects of either side on the European Continent

• Winning the Hundred Years' War now grants a strong modifier as a complementary reward

• Rebalanced some weights for the Defection action in the Hundred Years' War

• Bohemia will be more likely to convert to Hussitism

• Rewrote many calculations for the Hundred Years' War actions

• The AI is now better at using the actions of the Hundred Years' War

• The French AI will now make a more informed decision in the "The Influence of " event (triggered via the "Demand Appanage Promotion" action

• The Hundred Years' War actions no longer cost ducats, they will now only cost 10 Legitimacy

• Removing the Anatolian Beylik reform can now only be done after the conclusion of the Rise of the Turks situation

• The Guelphs and Ghibellines situation now removes the "Force into our Faction" casus belli from all Guelphs and Ghibellines members when the IO disbands. Additionally, leaving the faction will also remove this casus belli from you, as you are no longer part of any faction to force an enemy into

• Added a negative opinion modifier towards annexable neighbors for Beyliks during the start of the Rise of the Turks

• Adjusted the territorial requirements to end the Hundred Years' War

• Newly appearing Beyliks are now properly counted as part of the Rise of the Turks Situation

• Subjects that use the "Defect" action during the Hundred Years' War will have their "Diplomatic Betrayal" Subject Loyalty malus removed, as that would be unfair to the new overlord

• Henceforth, only subjects with their capitals in France (region) or in the Flanders, Brabant, or Holland areas will be able to defect during the Hundred Years War via the "Defect" action

• The modifier "Appanage Betrayal" is now -10 Subject Loyalty instead of -100

• Slightly lowered the chance that an AI subject uses the "Betray our Allegiance" action during the Hundred Years' War situation

  Disasters:

• The hook and cod wars event "foreign interference" will no longer target rebel countries

• Fixed a wrong trigger possibility in the Castilian Civil War, which was using the 'ivrée' dynasty, instead of the 'Castile' one.

• The succession disasters (byzantine, castilian, and generic) no longer allow the creation of subjects and have rebalanced modifiers

• The effects of the opening event of the Ciompi revolt disaster are now more readable

• Teenagers and children will no longer rebel against their parents during the succession crisis disaster

  International Organizations:

• You can now create the "dissolve the tatar yoke" casus belli if you are an empire

• PLC revoking empower orthodox nobility will no longer trigger daily pop-up spam for leaving autocephalous patriarchates

• The subjugate high kingship member CB now only targets members of that io type

• Improved the AI logic for proposing, voting for, and against polices in the HRE

• Polished the AI logic for proposing, voting for, and against policies in unions

• The HRE policies "treasury taxation" and "imperial taxation" now unlock the "contribute to organization treasury" action, which allows countries to just donate money to the IO at a one-year cooldown in exchange for an opinion bonus with the emperor / the electors (if done by the emperor)

• Added more refined logic to the AI's wishes to vote for and keep a policy in an IO. This should make the AI circle vote for the same two policies in an IO

• It is now possible to add new locations to the HRE if the location borders an HRE location across one seazone

• Kingdoms in the HRE now receive a much higher special status score than normal members

• The opinion penalty from removing locations from the HRE now has a yearly decay of 2 u,p from 1, and caps at -200 instead of being uncapped

• Being the Emperor of the HRE now grants you +1 Cabinet Slot, +2 Diplomats, +500 Diplomatic Range, +1 Culture Capacity, +0.1 Monthly Prestige, +1 Fort Limit, and +1 Possible Artists. These modifiers should bring the HRE Emperor more on the same level as other Empires

• The HRE Emperor now has the option to join the HRE if they are not already a member

• Reforming your government type will now only remove you as the Holy Roman Emperor if you form out of a monarchy into a different government type. In other words, a monarchy that reforms its government into a monarchy (again) will not lose its role as Emperor

• Added Regnal Numbers to the Holy Roman Empire, so future emperors will use the expected regnal numbers

• Marriage Unions now automatically disband if the royal marriage is broken due to the other country being annexed

• The policies "Unprotected Free Cities" and "Free Cities Abolished" will no longer grant Imperial Authority. Additionally, cleaned up the tooltip of "Direct Imperial Cities" and "Cities of the Emperor" to show the average antagonism gain across all Free Cities

• Fixed the display of the number of Celestial Governors in the Middle Kingdom

• Made the Emperor despise the very idea of even proposing the "Holy Roman Figurehead" policy (Emperor now has a malice of -10000 for both proposing and voting for it)

  Events:

• Fixed the first name of Giacomo Bussolari, character created by the Pavese event "exoulsion of the beccaria" (flavor_pav.1).

• Byzantium will now get a notification when the Genoese event "Reconquest of Chios" (flavor_gen.16) happens.

• Replaced the ‘Claim Throne’ Casus Belli from the "Expulsion of the " (flavor_pav.2) event with a ‘Subjugation’ CB

• The Neapolitan event ‘Sicily Accepts to Pay Homage’ (flavor_nap.106) should not trigger now if they go to war.

• Fixed an issue for the event, ‘The Response’ (free_cities.5), that would cost money instead of granting it

• Fixed an issue with ‘The Great Contract’ event (flavor_eng.164) where two event options used the incorrect text

• Enabled many Florentine events and the "Florentine school" advance for Tuscany

• Added a third option to the event ‘The Fluitschip’ (flavor_hol.9), so that the government reform ‘Dutch Shipbuilding Industry’ is unlocked by it, but automatically implemented.

• Lower Bavaria can no longer be directly subjugated by Upper Bavaria if it is a subject of another country already

• Scottish 'honoring the auld alliance' event can no longer fire when Scotland is at war or in a civil war. Also expanded the time window in which Scotland can receive the event by 20 years.

• The Ottoman event "demand Albanian hostages" now correctly targets an Albanian dynasty

• Fixed an issue with the event "the hand of Lithuania" whose option B incorrectly gave Lithuania a pu cb on Lithuania

• Fixed an issue where the Florentine event "consolidation of power" (flavor_flo.49) did not clear the current major reform properly

• Fixed a typo in the first option of the language event "the ruler's speech."

• The event "common lineage" should no longer exile 1-year-olds

• Fixed some errors in the dynamic localization of the events ‘Independence from the Patriarchate’ (flavor_eth.110) and ‘The Dawn of a New Empire’ (flavor_ser.31).

• Added a historical option for the event ‘Gold found in Lece’ (flavor_ser.120) so AI chooses getting gold as rgo

• The heart of Armenia event (miaphysite_flavor.5) now properly targets the Yerevan location

• The fate of Luxembourg event (flavor_boh.32) will no longer be able to offer dead characters as rulers

• The House of York will now be properly founded by the English event ‘The Founding of House York’ (flavor_eng.45), as there was a bug preventing it.

• Make the Treaty of Vilnius event create Courland, the subject territories

• The Teutonic crusader fervor event will no longer target friendly pagans

• The Crusade of Smyrna will no longer fire on Christian targets

• Fixed the event ‘Saint George's Night Uprising’ (flavor_dan_teu.1), only starting with 1 location

• The event "a marriage proposal for " (flavor_mlo.37) will no longer offer dead characters as marriage candidates

• The event Jacobite uprising (flavor_eng.29) now checks correctly for any province with a highlander culture over 50%

• The event Russia looks to the east (flavor_rus.3) can no longer trigger without any available country to target with its effects

• The event the >ruler title> education (flavor_sco.14) will no longer overwrite an already set expensive education child education

• Added AI weights to many generic events to help the AI make better choices

• Fixed wrong localization key in protestant_tolerance policy from event "the edict of Fontainebleau" (flavor_fra.330)

• The event "the return of Ibn Battuta" now correctly grants a dynamic institution to your capital instead of to a random location in Arabia, and always involves "professional armies."

• Hindu modifier withdrawn in contemplation from event "planning for the end" (hindu_events.2400) changed to be -50% diplomatic relations

• Forming Ayutthaya will now properly get the correct ruler and dynasty

• Keeping a patriarchate in the event "autocephalous patriarchate seat falls" (autocephalous_patriarchates.2) no longer has the potential to give a worse modifier

• The byzantine event "reforming the imperial army" now removes the theme of systemic government reform.

• The event "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy" can now fire for Ruthenia as well.

• The event disagreeing advisor (random_event.93) can no longer target your heir

• Editing the "forever lost" event so it can only trigger for native american countries

• Editing the dynamic historical events of Naples so that the two Sicilies can also receive Neapolitan events that are appropriate

• Changed the "the kebra nagast" event option rewards so all the admin traits are obtainable on the first option

• The casus belli received by Morocco to conquer Tunisia now lasts longer than their truce

• Fixed an error in the text of the first option of the event "visit of the patriarch" (flavor_plc.1001).

• The rise of the turks event "the integration of " (rise_of_the_ottomans.105) will no longer always reference the ottomans

• Milanese events that require you to pay at the start of the game will now only occur when the country is at peace with a positive treasury, to avoid frontloading costs too much

• The event "the guns of " (flavor_tur.120) no longer targets deceased children

• The event "the first celali rebellion" (flavor_tur.16) now correctly applies a tooltip on the character's name

• The Ottoman event "the phanariots" now has a correct historical option indication

• Family ties event (consort_events.51) will now only fire when the two countries actually have ties

• Adjusted triggers of flavor_plc.14 to make it more likely to fire

• The Joseon code can only be able to be unlocked by the Joseon dynasty

• The event ‘Soirée’ (dynastic.6) will no longer produce the same offspring from couples of the same sex.

• Rebalanced certain unique content for Byzantium, making their modifiers more appealing but at the same time not as strong as before

• The Ottoman event "cats of Constantinople" will now give disease resistance to the location

• The government reform "Malian tribute system" has been changed to be a non-major reform, and it does not give +1 possible government reforms

• The French event 'the edict of Fontainebleau' will no longer trigger if France is not catholic.

• The French event 'Rise of étienne marcel' has been improved, along with strengthening Marcel's influence among the burghers.

• Reduced antagonism gain from Cahokia's 'worsening food condition' event from +50 to +25.

• Cahokia's 'worsening food conditions' event now properly decreases demand for food if warbands are sent to raid nearby tribes. The first event option now also reduces demand for maize.

• The event "the knights hospitaller" (flavor_kni.100) will no longer trigger for a country that was the knights

• Fixed an issue wherein the event "evolution of the commune of Venice" (flavor_ven.1) allowed for multiple major reforms

• The event "the four articles of Prague" (flavor_boh.36) now correctly displays the title

• The Byzantine event "Reforming the Imperial Army" now requires you to have 10k standing regiments to trigger

• Event A Royal Influence (consort_events.61) will now properly refer to the correct religion

• The event "The Assassination of Gerhard von Schauenburg" (flavor_dan.19) will only annex Schleswig if it is a subject of Denmark

• The event "Bid for Independence" (flavor_ere.1) will now remove the Eretnids from all wars the Jalayrids are involved in, making it possible for them to declare their independence war against the Jalayrids

• The "Premature End of the Wars" (hook_and_cod_wars.1203) event will always end the Hook and Cods Wars for good

• Henry Tudor now has a proper father

• Support Dissidents Abroad (random_event.39) will no longer be able to target countries already in a civil war

• Pitt the Elder will no longer be able to marry an old lady

• Event Soirée (dynastic.6) will no longer be able to get old or dead characters pregnant

• Fixed options not being capitalized in event The Insane